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When it comes to easy-to-maintain and long-lasting indoor plants, succulents are always on the top of the list. Thanks to their unique, low maintenance needs, and diversity in shapes, colors, and sizes, they have become exceedingly popular among urban dwellers. As a beginner, understanding the right ways to care for these lovely greens is important, as it can be a bit different from typical houseplants. In this guide, you’ll discover actionable tips and strategies on indoor succulent care for beginners.
Firstly, it’s crucial to understand what exactly succulents are. Succulents are desert native plants known for their ability to store water in their leaves, stems, or roots, which makes them withstand long periods of drought. Their incredible water-storage capacity is the reason they require less watering, comparatively.
Cactus is the most commonly known type of succulent, but the realm of succulents is vast, including varieties like Aloe Vera, Jade Plant, Snake Plant, Zebra Plant, and more. Despite their different appearances, they all share similar care needs – ample sunlight, sparse watering, and well-draining soil.
Light Requirements
Succulents love light. They thrive best in bright, indirect light. As desert natives, they are accustomed to strong sunlight for the majority of the day. In indoor scenarios, you will want to place your plant in a location that gets 6 to 8 hours of diffused sunlight each day. South or east-facing windows are considered perfect spots. However, if you have a north or west-facing window, you might need to use a grow light to supplement.
Certain succulents, like the Snake Plant and Zebra Plant, can tolerate lower light conditions, but growth may be limited. Remember though, while succulents handle bright light well, they can get sunburned if exposed directly to extremely hot sunlight for an extended time. Hence, diffuse or filter the light during peak hours if necessary.
Watering Techniques
Succulents are drought-tolerant, but that doesn’t imply that they don’t want water at all. It’s a common myth that leads many beginners to underwater their plants. The key is to water infrequently, but thoroughly. The soak and dry method is typically recommended. This involves drenching the soil completely and then allowing it to dry out completely before the next watering.
Overwatering is one of the main killers for succulents, leading to root rot. During the cooler months and dormant growth period, the plants will need even less water. Before you water your succulent, always feel the soil – it should be completely dry.
Beware of the signs of overwatering and underwatering. Wrinkled, deflated, or shriveled leaves can indicate underwatering, while yellow, transparent, or mushy leaves suggest overwatering. Both scenarios can harm your succulent, so maintaining an optimal balance is crucial.
The Ideal Soil
The next crucial factor in succulent care is the soil. Succulents need well-draining soil that doesn’t hold a lot of water. A cactus or succulent soil mix is usually perfect because it is specifically designed to drain quickly. You can also create your own succulent-friendly mix at home, by combining standard potting soil with coarse sand and perlite.
For best results, grow your succulents in a pot with drainage holes. If your pot doesn’t have drainage, add a layer of gravel, sand, or pebbles at the bottom to stop the roots from sitting in water. Pots made from breathable materials like terracotta or clay work best as they allow the soil to dry out faster.
Temperature and Humidity
Indoor temperature is usually not a problem for succulents. They prefer cooler temperatures at night (between 55°F – 70°F) and slightly warmer in the day time. Remember, most succulents do not cope well with freezing temperatures.
As for the humidity, succulents, being desert plants, prefer drier conditions. This does not generally pose a problem in indoor environments but can be an issue in a very humid environment. In such cases, fans or dehumidifiers can be used to minimize humidity.
Finally, knowing how to care for your succulents also means knowing when not to care for them. Since succulents are low-maintenance plants, they thrive best when left to their own devices. As a newbie, your biggest challenge may often be resisting the urge to overcare. Moderate attention, adequate light, and sparse watering are all your succulent needs to thrive indoors.